Imf And The Economic Growth In Cambodia Economics Essay

Imf And The Economic Growth In Cambodia Economics Essay IMF and the battle increment monetary development in Cambodia. Since rising up out of the darkest period in its history (POL POT system) nearly for a long time, Cambodia has navigated far. From subterranean zero, the nation ricocheted back to reconstruct the crushed economy and establishments. After the marking of Paris harmony accord in 1991, Cambodia in the long run had a proper political race in 1993 and Cambodia has made a significant move to change its economy from plan economy to the free market. It was time that Cambodia made its way for the remote financial specialists, and undertakings and organizations are private own. With respect to speculation law which authorized in 1994, Cambodia pulled in numerous remote venture organizations that made numerous occupations for Cambodian individuals. From 1993 as of recently, the principle fare of Cambodia is pieces of clothing follow by rural items. The travel industry is likewise supposed to be the second biggest fare industry. (All things considered, since the mid 1990s. As indicated by the IMF, the salary per capita in 2008 was $823. As of late, Cambodia has discovered the gas and oil hold which assessed to be helpful for Cambodian economy. Oil creation is relied upon to start in 2011.The beginning of oil creation in 2011 will give Cambodia an extra wellspring of fare income to lessen its huge current record deficiency and give the financing to help spending on the deficient framework and wellbeing and instruction frameworks. In 1999, Cambodia has effectively subsidiary to ASEAN. This promotion causes Cambodia to corporate with the nations in the locale so as to improve its economy by joining in AFTA, CLV advancement triangle, GMS, CLMVà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦etc. As one of the CLMV nations, Cambodia can appreciate positive provincial impact in East Asia through two transmission components. In the first place, move of advancement experience from Japan and second is the progression of speculation from Japan. Notwithsta nding the individual from ASEAN, Cambodia at long last joined WTO in 2004. WTO enrollment will empower Cambodia to get non-prejudicial MFN status in worldwide exchange, and WTO simultaneousness is required to bring significant exchange and FDI advantage to Cambodia. Despite the fact that there is a decent sign on financial development, Cambodia economy is still in battle since Cambodia absence of HR and just as foundation to improve the economy. In spite of the ongoing strong development rate, neediness stays far reaching and around 33% of populace are living under the destitution line. Debasement has become a grass root in Cambodian culture that adds to the unreasonable commitment of development between the rich and poor people. The hole between the rich and poor is still high. As indicated by the IMF report, the development rate has fallen back by 2.7% in 2009 because of the monetary downturn. Both the piece of clothing and vacationer businesses were sabotaged by the worldwide downturn. In the initial 5 months of 2009 for example, garments fares to the US, which is Cambodias predominant fare advertise, dropped 27% from a similar time of 2008. As per the Labor Ministry, around 93 piece of clothing and shoe manufacturing plants shut in the initial 11 months of 2009, bringing about the loss of 38,190 occupations and a further 60 production lines utilizing 35,337 individuals had to incidentally suspend tasks, The development area in the interim was d ebilitated by the blasting of a property bubble that subverted the financial framework by boosting non performing credits. The IMF has communicated worries over the disintegration in the wellbeing of the financial division and has asked the national bank to reinforce its oversight of the budgetary framework. With respect to Direct speculation, Data from the UNCTAD demonstrate that FDI in 2008 was $815 mn. This was beneath the $867 mn level in 2007 and spoke to 37.9% of gross fixed capital development. The all out load of FDI (book esteem) toward the finish of 2008 was $4.637 bn, which was equivalent to 41.5% of GDP and was 193.5% over the degree of 2000. In synopsis, inferable from the most recent IMF discussion, In a public statement on December 8 that illustrated the features of the just discharged Article IV Consultation Report, the IMF noticed that following a time of high monetary development, the economy was subverted by the worldwide financial downturn, which prompted a decre ase in piece of clothing trades, outside direct venture inflows and traveler receipts. The economy was likewise controlled by the breakdown of the property bubble, which eased back the development segment and had negative ramifications for the financial segment. The economy shrunk by an expected 2.7% in 2009. The powerless economy incited a significant fall in imports that limited the present record shortfall, and hindered expansion. Development was required to continue in 2010 with an expansion of 4.3% because of a bounce back in the worldwide economy which will prod article of clothing sends out. IMF is one of the establishments in the Breton Wood framework. As we have definitely realized that the IMF doesnt make venture advances and, specifically, it doesnt make advance to fund populace on family arranging programs. The IMF credits are planned to help the borrower nations settle their monetary circumstance and spread ceaseless shortage in their parity of installment. For the most part, a countrys national bank is the borrower and beneficiary of the IMF reserves. On account of Cambodia, Cambodia has been one of the principle beneficiaries of the IMF specialized helps (TA) over the previous decades. TA in Cambodia was conveyed under the umbrella of the Technical Cooperation Assistance Program (TCAP). The substance of the Cambodian TCAP was structured together by the specialists, different contributors, and the IMF gave a thorough program of TA, covering key zones of change identified with monetary strategy, including financial and banking parts, measurement and legitimate chan ge. Longer than 10 years in the wake of marking of the Paris Peace Accord in 1991, Cambodia was all the while confronting many major financial difficulties. Duty incomes were low, the financial framework was delicate and a central common and managerial change was important to improve great administration. In the monetary territory, TA focused on (I) fortifying expense approach and organization including HR and improving the plan of the assessment system;(ii) Strengthening customs organization so as to augment the arrival from pre-shipment investigation, upgrade authorization abilities, modernize and smooth out techniques; and (iii) reinforcing spending the board to improve the nature of spending detailing and execution, alongside the structure and usage of successful interior and outer reviews. These destinations were sought after for the most part by three long haul inhabitant specialists in spending the executives, customs organization, and assessment organization and these three specialists represented over portion of all out TA conveyed under TCAP. What's more, the general target of TA in banking area change was to help make a hearty and effective financial framework through bank relicensing, fortifying guidelines, and improving bank management. TA in financial measurements was intended to reinforce the ability to deliver insights for monetary approach making and private venture arranging by improving national records, cost and outside exchange information, and parity of installments, government account and cash and banking measurement. The target of TA in the lawful region was to improve the budgetary area legitimate system. Three years after the beginning of the TCAP, the effect of TA in these various territories fluctuates impressively. The financial part change has been to a great extent considered a triumph. The relicensing program executed by the National Bank of Cambodia (NBC) redid the financial framework by lessening the quantity of banks from 31 to 17, assisting with reestablishing the financial part adequacy. Accordingly, open trust in the financial framework has all the earmarks of being step by step improving, reflected in a 22 percent expansion in the store base during 2002 and further gains in 2003.6 Furthermore, advance spreads limited in 2003 as rivalry in the market seems, by all accounts, to be expanding. Other than TCAP, consistently the IMF consistently lead the yearly article IV conversation with Cambodia. The conversation chiefly covers the zone of Macroeconomic and budgetary approaches. As indicated by the ongoing public statement, as in August 30 to September 10, 2010, an IMF strategic Washington, D.C visited Cambodia. The IMF strategic anticipated that genuine GDP development will arrive at 4.5% to 5% in 2010, a noteworthy turnaround from 2009. In any case, noteworthy dangers keep on obfuscating development possibilities. The delicacy of the worldwide recuperation uncovered Cambodias slender fare base with i ts dependence on the U.S and European markets. In the outcome of worldwide money related emergency, numerous difficulties have been emerging for the International Monetary Fund just as Cambodian government to manage. Be that as it may, what the IMF have accomplished for Cambodia are nothing new, for it has been working in Cambodia for a significant long time. Anyway, we can arrange what the IMF has for and accomplished in Cambodia into three principle classes: reconnaissance, IMF-bolstered projects, and specialized help/limit building. In the reconnaissance region, the IMF has observed the monetary and financial arrangements of Cambodia and gave important suggestion on macroeconomic and money related strategy to the Royal administration of Cambodia. In doing as such, the IMF has monitored Cambodias financial turn of events and normally talked with the legislature of Cambodia in finding the answer for the issue. For example, as of late, through the observation exercises in Cambodia, it has see that the Cambodian financial framework is being in issue as the consequence of worldwide monetary downturn, and in this manner, it has prescribed the RGC to fortify it banking framework. This proposal was done through an instrument that has

Compare and contrast the poems Essay

The sonnet leaves us either consoled that amidst all malevolence there can be some acceptable or discouraged and in despair in light of the fact that in the family life of the Belson commandant sneaks a malicious which could demolish their lives whenever. Night of the Scorpion The title means force and control from the scorpion as one night the scorpion decided and controlled everything that occurred. The title utilizes Night to give a feeling of dull occasions and that something deadly may happen. The sonnet is other. It has an Indian area which is the place scorpions can be found as it is one of the hotter areas of the world. The sonnet is in free stanza with the last three lines separated off. It is of story style and contains a truly significant heart. The climate was frantic and it was lashing with downpour. Truth be told the rainstorm conditions had influenced the scorpion and all that it needed to do was to protect from the deluge. Anyway it was upset by the poet’s mother who was most likely looking for rice to take care of her family. She was stung and the toxic substance from the tail entered her circulation system like an outside intruder contaminating the hostile area. Numerous neighbors showed up and the creator looks at this to a â€Å"swarm of flies†. I would contrast it with understudies who noise around urgent fro diversion around a schoolyard battle or would be aides around a mishap casualty. The neighbors like the aides all had their proposals a large number of their thoughts including the force, customs and convictions of religion. The scorpion is believed to be underhanded when in all actuality it is just attempting to ensure itself. The individuals accepted that the person in question and the scorpion were as yet connected. This bond implied that when the scorpion moved the toxic substance inside the mother moved around her blood attacking and prevailing. Numerous supplications were said for the person in question. The neighbors likewise got a handle on that of this sad mishap some great would develop. The toxic substance would â€Å"burn away† her transgressions and purge and refine her group of extreme desire and vulgar or two-faced contemplations or acts. Neighbors accepted that her enduring was following through on the cost of malice to God and decreasing the measure of fiendishness on the planet. The victim’s spouse was eager to attempt any one thought or a blend and blend of the recommendations. He was generally not one to put stock in religion but rather typically put together his feelings with respect to rationale and realities. However even he put a match to the influenced site and viewed the â€Å"flame feeding† on her toe. A blessed man was permitted to perform sacrosanct ceremonies and following twenty hours the casualty recuperates just to cheer in the way that it was her and not her kids. The mother’s wishes were a wonderful case of the unequivocal love most moms feel for their kids. Correlations and Differences. The two sonnets are about animals who are basically worried about their own endurance. With the vultures it is the requirement for food that makes them be searches and with the scorpion its desire not to be crushed makes it â€Å"flash its wicked tail†. The two sonnets give data on societies that are not comfortable to us. The fundamental distinction is the message given by the artists In vultures the perusers can picked there own situation concerning great and fiendishness though the subsequent message signifies the vulnerability that occasionally passing will happen and at different occasions the casualty will endure. In the scorpion it is workable for both the person in question and the scorpion to endure though the vultures will bite the dust on the off chance that they don’t eat prey and the prey is as of now dead. Passing is a fundamental wickedness for the vultures. Social Background I imagine that ‘Night of the Scorpion’ best catches social foundation since it specifies religion and family life from another culture. For instance â€Å"mud prepared walls† and â€Å"candles and lanterns† and the â€Å"Holy man playing out his privileges to tame the toxic substance with an incantation†. Though ‘vultures’ is set in no place, some place like the abandoned fields of Africa. It isn’t something that would be discovered occurring in a town. ‘Scorpion’ is a genuine story of the poets’ family and it runs over through the detail and working of environment the sonnet contains achieved by the expression â€Å"ten long stretches of consistent downpour had driven him to slither underneath a sack of rice†. As he was there at the time his contemplations and emotions are brought across very well in his composition. The sonnet shows empathy when the â€Å"mother just said Thank God the scorpion singled out me and saved my kids. † Conclusion I lean toward ‘vultures’ as I like the manner by which malice is contained in acceptable. This is appeared in the expression â€Å"in the very germ of that related love is held up the unendingness of evil†. The abhorrence is portrayed in expressions, for example, â€Å"picked the eyes of a swollen corpse†, â€Å"ate the things in its bowel† and â€Å"fumes of human roast†. The great anyway is evoked by â€Å"inclined affectionately† and â€Å"tender posterity. I feel it is even more a sonnet contrasted with Night of the Scorpion since Scorpion is an especially story style of composing. It is unreasonably story for my loving.

10 ?r?bl?m? Only Smart ????l? H?v? (and How to Deal with Them Effectively)

10 ?r?bl?m? Only Smart ????l? H?v? (and How to Deal with Them Effectively) On? would think that being smart ?nd ?u??r int?llig?nt i? ?ll ?r?? and no ??n?; th?t i? ?? f?r from th? truth ?? possible.Like they ???, ?v?r?thing whi?h h?? ?n ?dv?nt?g? h?? a disadvantage. Ju?t ?? b?ing ?m?rt ??m?? with ?? much ??rk? whi?h ?r? usually ?x?lu?iv? t? th?m, the di??dv?nt?g?? ?f b?ing smart are ?l?? ju?t as ?x?lu?iv?.The id?? of b?ing ?m?rt i? ??m?thing I kn?w m??t ????l? w?nt, m?r? ??, we ?ll like th? idea of b?ing the n?xt Bill G?t??.But I don’t think ?n?b?d? wants to b? ??ll?d a w?ird?.It’s ni?? t? b? ?u??r int?llig?nt, but it ?ur? comes at some ???t ?nd those costs ?r? ??rt of what we will di??u?? h?r?.WH? I? A ?M?RT PERSON AND WH?T D??? IT R??LL? MEAN T? B? ?M?RT? B?f?r? we div? into th??? problems that ?nl? ?m?rt ?r int?llig?nt ????l? f???, let’s ??? if w? ??uld ?n?w?r some of th? ?u??ti?n? th?t a l?t ?f people h?v? asked ?v?r th? years.Wh? is a smart ??r??n and wh?t d??? it r??ll? m??n t? b? ?m?rt?John Abbott in hi? j?urn?l “to b? int?llig?nt” tried t? explain what it meant t? b? int?llig?nt, u?ing hi? ??n as ?n ?x?m?l?. He t?lk?d ?b?ut th? c?m?l?x w?rking? of th? hum?n br?in, h?w th? br?in flows, l??rning wh?t m?tt?r? ?nd h?w t? ?r??t? Int?llig?n??.Being smart i? not just being ?bl? t? r???ll l?t? of f??t?. M? hard disk can r???ll l?t? ?f facts ?nd it’? not smart ?t ?ll.B?ing ?m?rt i? not b?ing ?bl? to d? one ????ifi? task r??ll? well.Th? ??r??n wh? can calculate th? ?ub? r??t of 7,257 in their h??d or writ? a ??m?l?x C++ ??? ?? fast ?? th?? can t??? i? n?t n??????ril? ?m?rt. Th?? m?? b? smart but th??? narrow ?kill? d?n’t tell u? wh?th?r th?? ?r? or n?t. The fictional Rain M?n ??uld d? ?m?zing thing?, but v?r? f?w ????l? w?uld think that h? w?? smart.I think that a smart person can do f?ur thing?:??? u??ful information that other ????l? ??n’t ??? ?r don’t notice;dr?w accurate, useful conclusions from th?t inf?rm?ti?n;d??ign a u??ful g??l th?t t?k?? ?dv?nt?g? ?f that inf?rm?ti?n andcreate an ?ffi?i?nt ?nd ?ff??tiv? ?l?n ?f action to attain th?t g??l.M?r? simply, really ?m?rt people see th? dots ?th?r ????l? d?n’t ???; th?? ??nn??t those dots into ?n ???ur?t? ?i?tur?; th?? d?riv? a useful g??l from th?t picture, ?nd th?? ?l?n an ?ffi?i?nt, effective w?? t? r???h that goal.For in?t?n??, ?n average gu? lik? m? ??nn?t g? thr?ugh the ?tr??? ?f tr?ing t? solve the ?uzzl?.A?tu?ll?, I w?uldn’t ?v?n see th? ?uzzl? in th? fir?t ?l???.That’s wh?t m?k?s these ????l? smart ?r int?llig?nt.Th?? see what the rest ?f us d?n’t.Sm?rt ????l? ?r? th??? ????l? who have th? ability t? ??? ???t th? ?urf??? and m?k? ??nn??ti?n? th?t we didn’t ?v?n kn?w ?xi?t?d.Like I ??id earlier, it’? nice t? b? ?u??r int?llig?nt, but it sure comes at some costs.B?l?w ?r? 10 problems that only smart ????l? have.10 PROBLEMS ?NL? ?M?RT ????L? HAVE 1. An?l??i? ??r?l??i? On? of the ?r?bl?m? exclusive to th? ?m?rt ????l? i? their v?r? ?wn ?m?rtn???. Because they know ?? mu?h and ?r? ?bl? t? ??? th? ??n???u?n?? ?f things, they t?nd to ?v?r ?n?l???.They find it diffi?ult ?rriving ?t a decision ?v?n at th? ?im?l??t ?h?i???. Thi? i? due t? th?ir understanding ?f th? ????ibl? ramifications ?f th?t d??i?i?n l??ding t? unn??d?d ?v?r ?n?l??i?. In t?d??’? ??m?l?x w?rld, a ‘b??t’ ??luti?n i? n?t always ????ibl?.Thi? ??n l??v? highl? int?llig?nt ????l? frustrated and paralysed with indecision.Because th?? ?r? so ?m?rt, th?? will tr? t? l??k ?t th? ?r?? and cons ?f ?v?r? decision.A d??i?i?n as simple ?? wh?t to ??t f?r dinn?r ?r wh?th?r ?r n?t t? ??ll ??m??n? back f?r a ????nd d?t? ??n l??d t? a m?t?l lock ?? th?? tr? t? d??id? what t? do. Th?? g?t ??ught up in the ???t-b?n?fit analysis and ?nd up overanalysing ?v?r?thing.Thing? that we t?k? f?r granted ?r just m?k? a ?ui?k d??i?i?n f?r, th?? find diffi?ult. Th? tim? spent ?n?l??ing creates a m?nt?l ??r?l??i? and they find m?king a decision overly difficult.T? d??l with this, it ??n h?l? to r?m?mb?r th?t th?r? i? ?ft?n n?t one right ?n?w?r. If int?llig?nt ????l? ? ?n focus on making the ‘b??t d??i?i?n ????ibl? with the giv?n inf?rm?ti?n’, this can h?l? br??k the paralysis. It ??n ?l?? b? of b?n?fit t? vi?w mi?t?k?? as l??rning ?x??ri?n??? that ??n l??d t? gr?wth and b?tt?r r??ult? in the futur?. 2. Th?? ?r? ???i?ll? ?wkw?rd, finding it harder to b? in r?l?ti?n?hi?? Highly intelligent ????l? are u?u?ll? ???i?ll? ?wkw?rd.Th?? don’t find it easy t? bl?nd in t? the society they find th?m??lv??, u?u?ll? b???u?? th?? see th? world diff?r?ntl?.These smart guys tend t? ?ut th?ir foot in th?ir m?uth during conversations.The j?k?? they make ?r? u?u?ll? only funn? t? th?m b???u?? th?m alone can get th? jokes whil? ?im?l? jokes ?r? n?t r??ll? funny t? them because as f?r ?? th?? are ??n??rn?d, it seemed too ?bvi?u?.Th?? usually d?n’t und?r?t?nd social norms. Th?? often don’t know wh?t’? appropriate for th?m to d? ?nd wh?t’? not in a ???i?l ?itu?ti?n. Th?? d?n’t kn?w how t? start a ??nv?r??ti?n, wh?t conversational t??i?? ?r? b??t t? talk ?b?ut ?nd when, ?r what i? ?k?? t? be j?k?d ?b?ut ?nd what’s n?t.Obvi?u?l?, this l??k ?f und?r?t?nding can l??d to ?ith?r weird or ?h? b?h?vi?ur.A r???nt study f?und that ??m??r?d with normal people, ?m?rt ????l? t?nd to spend m?r? tim? ?l?n?.Thi? i? u?u?ll? b???u?? th??? with m?r? int?llig?n?? ?r? l??? likely t? ???nd ?? mu?h tim? ???i?lizing b???u?? they ?r? f??u??d on ??m? ?th?r m?r? important project ?r ?r?bl?m they w?nt to ??lv?, C?r?l Gr?h?m, a Br??king? In?tituti?n r????r?h?r who ?tudi?? th? ???n?mi?? of h???in???, explained to th? W??hingt?n P??t.Lik? w? established, ?m?rt ????l? tend to analyse thing? a lot, whi?h ??n make th?m ?v?rl?-?riti??l.In ?dditi?n, th?? are ?ui?k t? ???t problems, whi?h ??n m?k? th?m ???m n?g?tiv?.Th?? sometimes ?l?? believe th?t there is ?nl? one right w?? t? d? thing?. These traits ??n cause conflict and are often n?t ??ndu?iv? t? developing m??ningful r?l?ti?n?hi??, b? it fri?nd?hi? ?r a romantic r?l?ti?n?hi?.T? d??l with thi?, it is advised t o be ???n t? ?th?r people’s id??? without ???uming th?t there i? ?n? right w?? f?r d?ing thing?. Tr?ing t? l??k f?r ?nd ???r??i?t? th? other ??r??n’? g??d points. Thi? helps to keep r?l?ti?n?hi?? ???itiv? and h??lth?. C?mmuni??ti?n is vital in ?ll r?l?ti?n?hi?? in ?rd?r to ?n?ur? b?th partners f??l accepted ?nd valued ?nd th?ugh thi? takes effort, th? b?n?fit of l?v? and companionship m?k? it worthwhile. 3. Th?? ??n be under more ?r???ur? t? ??hi?v? ?u????? H?ving a gr??t br?in i? w?nd?rful, but h?ving t? d??l with ?v?r??n? ?l??? ?x???t?ti?n? ?f th? m?rv?ll?u? things ??u should d? with th?t br?in?Not ?? much.N?t ?nl? d? th?ir ??r?nt?, t???h?r? and peers ?u?h them t? compete ?nd succeed in a v?r? d?m?nding fi?ld, but th?? ?x???t it ?f th?m??lv??.They ti? their ??r??r and monetary ?r academic success with their own ??lf-w?rth. They might ???? u? ?nri?hing and ?nt?rt?ining social activities in order t? ?tud? a littl? bit m?r? or work ?n a ?r?j??t f?r ??h??l.If th?? fail t? ??hi?v? th?ir v?r? l?ft? ?nd d?m?nding goals, th?? might fall int? d??r???i?n ?nd ?ng?r.One ?tud? th?t tr??k?d 1,500 ?u??r smart kid? (their IQs t??t?d at 140 or m?r?) f?r d???d?? f?und th?t many ?truggl?d t? liv? u? t? their ?wn ?nd ?th?r? h???? f?r their liv??.When the ?tud? ??rti?i??nt? w?r? in their 80?, researchers ??k?d th?m t? l??k b??k ?n th?ir lives. R?th?r th?n b??king in th?ir ?u???????, m?n? r???rt?d th?t th?? h?d been ?l?gu?d b? th? sense th?t they had ??m?h?w f?il?d t? liv? up t? th?ir ??uthful ?x???t?ti?n?, reported b? the BBC, ”Th?t sense ?f burden ??rti?ul?rl? wh?n ??mbin?d with ?th?r ????l?’? expectations i? ??m?thing that ??n?t?ntl? ?l?gu?? th? ?m?rt. http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20150413-the-downsides-of-being-clever  To d??l with this it i? im??rt?nt to h?v? a w?ll-b?l?n??d lif?. No one’s lif? should be ?ll ?b?ut ???d?mi?al ?u????? alone, finding other w??? t? v?lu? ??ur??lf can h?l? you stay more ??nfid?nt ?nd motivated. Focusing ?n th? l?v? ?f th? w?rk, rath er th?n th? ?im t? surpass ?v?r?b?d? ?r?und you, ??n also h?l? t? keep a ??n?? of perspective wh?n things d?n’t g? according t? ?l?n. In ?dditi?n, int?llig?nt ????l? m?? need t? ?r??ti?? ?kill? ?u?h as ??mmuni??ti?n and networking, in th? ??m? w?? th?t ?th?r people might have t? ?r??ti?? math. 4. Th??r? more lik?l? t? fall ?r?? t? ?t?r??t????W? t?nd to think of those wh? f?ll ?r?? to bi?? and ?t?r??t???? ??, kind of dumb.But ?n? recent ?tud? suggested th? ?????it?. A t??m of researchers found th?t b???u?? ?m?rt ????l? ?r? better ?t quickly ?i?king u? ?ubtl? ??tt?rn?, th?? ar? ?l?? m?r? lik?l? t? pair ??rt?in ?h?r??t?ri?ti?? with ??rt?in gr?u?? based ?n flim?? evidence.A? th? Atlantic ?ut it in the findings of the ?tud??, th??? depressing r??ult? suggest th?r?? a d?wn?id? t? being ?m?rtit m?k?? ??u ri?k r??ding too mu?h into a ?itu?ti?n and dr?wing inappropriate ??n?lu?i?n?.To d??l with thi?, ??u have to und?r?t?nd ?nd ?????t th?t thing? ?r? u?u?ll? not that ??m?l?x. Sometimes what ??u see i? wh?t you g?t. Y?u h?v? t? ?????t life’s ?im?li?it? at tim?? ?nd move on. 5. They know h?w much they dont kn?wH?v? ??u ?v?r h??rd ?f th? Dunning-Kruger ?ff??t?If you ?r? n?t f?mili?r with the t?rm, ??u definitely h?v? ?x??ri?n??d the ?rin?i?l? at least once in your life.Thi? psychological rule ?t?t?? th?t it? th? most in??m??t?nt wh? ?r? th? most ??nfid?nt, while th? most intelligent doubt their own ?biliti??.Simply put, dumb ????l? are t?? dumb to und?r?t?nd ?x??tl? how dumb they ?r?. Sm?rt ????l? ?r? ?l?v?r enough t? kn?w how much they d?nt kn?w.In r??l life, thi? m??n? it? actually th? brightest who ?r? ?ft?n t?rm?nt?d b? doubt ?nd are ?l?? th? m??t lik?l? t? ?uff?r fr?m im???t?r ??ndr?m?.B?ing super-intelligent ?ft?n m??n? ???r??i?ting the limit? of ??ur ?wn cognition. Tr? ?? you might, ??ull n?v?r be ?bl? to l??rn or und?r?t?nd everything, ?nd th?? d? tr? ?nd wh?n they ?r? un?bl? t? d? th?t, they f??l b?d ?nd defeated.T? deal with thi?, ??u h?v? t? ?????t ??u ?r? n ? God or a ?u??r hum?n. All hum?n? h?v? limit?ti?n? and ??u ?r? n? ?x???ti?n. 6. P???l? u?u?ll? think th?? are ?n ?rr?g?nt kn?w-it-?ll Sometimes ????l? ???um? th?t wh?n youre genuinely excited to share ??m?thing ??uv? l??rn?d, youre r??ll? ju?t fl?unting your kn?wl?dg?.P???l? hate ??u f?r ???ing th? right thing, f?r kn?wing the right thing.Even wh?n you ?r? n?t tr?ing t?, ??u come across ?? a know-it-all, b???u??, w?ll, you r??ll? d? know a l?t.And sometimes you just want t? ??ntribut? in a constructive way. When ??m??n? t?ll? ??u about a ?r?bl?m whose solution you kn?w, you are ?udd?nl? a h??rtl??? kn?w-it-?ll prick. It takes a lot ?f effort to ??m?tim?? r?fr?in fr?m saying the truth ?nd ju?t nod ??ur head in ?gr??m?nt.T? deal with thi?, ??u ?h?uld tr? to be ??n?itiv? t? th? f??t th?t ?th?r ????l? may b? ?mb?rr????d b? ??ur kn?wl?dg? ?v?r them ?nd ?ff?nd?d by th? tun? u??d in correcting th?m. Y?u ?h?uld tr? t? b? m?r? ?ubtl? and ?l?? learn t? apologise wh?n they begin t? f??l b?d o r ??u ri?k l??ing ??m? fri?nd?. 7. Th?? ?ft?n think in?t??d of f??lSm?rt ????l? ?ft?n think instead ?f feel.Th?? tr? t? u?? l?gi? t? solve emotional ?r?bl?m?.When ??m?thing bad happens, in?t??d ?f t?king a little time t? grieve lik? every other ??r??n, they set ?ut to find a ??luti?n, or a w?? to fix it.Wh?n they find someone th?? f??l they l?v?, they begin t? rationalize ?nd ?n?l??? the ?itu?ti?n instead ?f trying to g?t t? kn?w the ??r??n lik? normal people do.It’? all ?b?ut l?gi? t? th?m, everything h?? to h?v? an ?x?l?n?ti?n. They often don’t b?li?v? that ?n? can love ?n?th?r ?tr?ng?r ju?t b? ???ing him ?r h?r, th?? think ?nd l??k for ??nn??ti?n? ?nd th?t influences their judgement.T? deal with this, you ?till have t? und?r?t?nd that hum?n? h?v? ?m?ti?n? th?t usually defy l?gi?. W? ?r? built lik? that, you have t? accept it. T?k? a m?m?nt, stop thinking and ?ll?w ??ur f??ling? ?ut. S?m?tim?? you might f??r th? consequences th? f??ling? might bring but ??u’d never know unl? ?? ??u tr?. 8. Everyone n?ti??? a ?m?rt person’s mi?t?k?? P???l? will n?ti?? ?v?r? tin? mi?t?k? th?t a ?m?rt ??r??n makes.This is hard on th? ?m?rt person as it increases their f??r ?f f?ilur? ?nd drives ??rf??ti?ni?m. Highl? int?llig?nt ????l? often base th?ir ??lf-w?rth ?n th?ir intelligence so mi?t?k?? ??n hit th?m h?rd.T? d??l with thi?, remember th?t when ??m??n? points ?ut a mistake ??u h?v? m?d?, it’? always about him or h?r, n?t ??u. Th?? m?? b? jealous ?f your intelligence ?nd ?utting you d?wn makes th?m f??l better. The b??t thing to d? if ??u make a mi?t?k? i? ?dmit it and ??? something like, ‘everyone m?k?? mi?t?k??’, ?r, ‘I’m ju?t hum?n’. If ??u do thi?, people will soon stop b?th?ring to ?riti?iz? you. 9. Sometimes th?? h?v? to dumb them ??lf d?wn Sometimes, just t? get your ??int across or t? ?v?id ?n ?rgum?nt, you find ??ur??lf dumbing your ?rgum?nt? d?wn.It could be for ?n id?? in a m??ting ?r a tr?v?l plan with a fri?nd, but ??u often have t? g?l with the crowd ?nd l?ugh ?t th? joke, ?v?n if it? n?t funny to ??u.Thi? is u?u?ll? b???u?? smart ????l? operate ?n a high?r cognitive l?v?l than the rest ?f th? normal f?lk?.S?, in order t? get your m????g? ??r???, you h?v? t? speak in l?? man’s t?rm?.T? d??l with thi?, know that ??u are ?m?rt?r and ju?t lik? the teacher t?k?? tim? t? ?x?l?in in ?l???, ??u have to take tim? to ?x?l?in. It’s n? big d??l, b? ??ti?nt with th?m. 10. Th?? Find It H?rd?r T? B? Happy Int?llig?nt ????l? f??l ?ur??d b? th?ir int?llig?n??. They ?ft?n think about th? ???ing, “ignorance is bli??” and w?nd?r if it w?uld h?v? b??n b?tt?r if th?? w?r?n’t so ?m?rt. All the ?v?rthinking ?nd ?n?l??ing th?? d? ?n a daily b??i? ??n l??d t? anxiety and d??r???i?n.H???in??? ??m?? fr?m ?????ting th? universe exactly ?? it i?, but when you ??n’t h?l? but ?v?r-?n?l??? th? w?rld ?r?und ??u, it’? almost im????ibl? t? ?im?l? l?t ??ur??lf b? ?b??rb?d b? th? imperfect beauty ?f wh?t’? around you.T? d??l with thi?, yo u h?v? t? try to ?????t th? world lik? it is, it’? not in ??ur n?tur? t? d? ??, but you have to b???m? ??lf-?w?r? ?nd tr? t? ?????t things th? w?? they ?r?. Y?u might b?gin t? g?t some h???in??? out ?f th? imperfections of the w?rld. I? INTELLIGENCE N?TUR? ?R NURTURE? Int?llig?n?? h?? both g?n?ti? and ?nvir?nm?nt?l causes, ?nd these have b??n ???t?m?ti??ll? studied through a large numb?r ?f twin and ?d??ti?n ?tudi?? b? a group ?f ??i?nti?t? Pl?min, D?Fri??, Cr?ig, M?Guffin in 2003.Th??? studies f?und th?t between 40% and 80% of the v?ri?bilit? in IQ i? du? t? g?n?ti??, meaning that overall g?n?ti?? ?l??? a bigg?r role than does ?nvir?nm?nt in creating IQ diff?r?n??? ?m?ng individu?l?. The IQ? of id?nti??l twins ?r? u?u?ll? m?r? ?imil?r than do fraternal twin? wh? are less g?n?ti??ll? similar the ?tud? showed.Th? ?tud? ?l?? ?h?w?d th?t the IQ ?f ??r?nt? and th?ir bi?l?gi??l ?hildr?n ?r? more ?lik? than th?t of ??r?nt? ?nd th?ir ?d??t?d children. The r?l? ?f g?n?ti?? g?t? ?tr?ng?r ?? ?hildr?n get older.Th? intelligence ?f v?r? ??ung ?hildr?n (l??? than 3 years old) d??? n?t ?r?di?t ?dult int?llig?n??, but by age 7 it d???, and IQ scores remain v?r? stable in ?dulth??d, ?? Deary, Whit?m?n, St?rr, Wh?ll??, F?x ??n?lud?d in 2004 after a successful study.But th?r? i? also ?vid?n?? f?r th? r?l? ?f nurture, indi??ting that individu?l? ?r? n?t b?rn with fixed, un?h?ng??bl? levels ?f intelligence.Twin? raised together in th? same h?m? h?v? m?r? ?imil?r IQ? th?n twins who ?r? r?i??d in diff?r?nt h?m??, ?nd fr?t?rn?l twin? have m?r? ?imil?r IQs than non twin siblings, whi?h is likely du? to the f??t th?t th?? ?r? treated ?imil?rl? than ?r? siblings.Th? f??t that int?llig?n?? becomes m?r? ?t?bl? ?? we g?t ?ld?r ?r?vid?? ?vid?n?? that ??rl? environmental ?x??ri?n??? m?tt?r more th?n later ones.Envir?nm?nt?l factors also ?x?l?in a gr??t?r proportion ?f th? variance in intelligence for ?hildr?n fr?m lower-class households th?n they do for ?hildr?n from upper-class h?u??h? ld? Turkheimer, H?l??, Waldron, D’On?fri?, G?tt??m?n ?r?????d in their 2003 j?urn?l, “S??i????n?mi? ?t?tu? modifies heritability ?f IQ in ??ung ?hildr?n”.Thi? i? b???u?? most u???r-?l??? h?u??h?ld? tend t? ?r?vid? a ??f?, nutriti?u?, ?nd ?u???rting ?nvir?nm?nt f?r children, whereas these f??t?r? ?r? more variable in l?w?r-?l??? h?u??h?ld?.TH? NIN? DIFF?R?NT TYPES ?F INTELLIGENCE Int?llig?n?? i? broken d?wn into nin? different types, ?l?? ??ll?d the nine d?m?in? of int?llig?n??.Thi? ??t?g?riz?ti?n ?f int?llig?n?? was fir?t theorized b? d?v?l??m?nt?l ????h?l?gi?t H?w?rd G?rdn?r in hi? 1983 book, Fr?m?? of Mind: Th? Th??r? of Multiple Intelligences.G?rdn?r ?rgu?? th?t there i? no ?n? tru? way t? m???ur? int?llig?n?? ?nd th?t the hum?n br?in i? wired with a wid? range ?f cognitive abilities.Th? ?r?mi?? ?f G?rdn?r’? th??r? i? that ??m??n? ??n b? extremely b?d at math yet be the b??t ?f th? b??t in ?n?th?r fi?ld, ?u?h as mu?i?N?tur?li?ti? IntelligenceEver w?nd?r why ??rt?in peopl e ?r? ?bl? t? ??nn??t with ?nim?l? just lik? th?t? H?v? ??u ever ?n??unt?r?d ??m??n? th?t possesses wh?t i? ??mm?nl? r?f?rr?d t? as a “gr??n thumb”?W?ll, th??? ????l? are gr??t examples ?f “n?tur? ?m?rt” individuals.Naturalistic intelligence r?f?r? t? a hum?n b?ing’? ??n?itivit? t? the n?tur?l world. Thi? i? th? ?bilit? t? di?tingui?h ?m?ng nature’s different features ?u?h ?? ?nim?l?, ?l?nt?, r??k ??nfigur?ti?n?, cloud formations, and ?th?r such things.Mu?i??l Int?llig?n??While ?th?r ????l? gravitate t?w?rd? n?tur?, th?r? are also those wh? t?nd to be dr?wn to th? mu?i??l ?rt?.Th??? “mu?i??l ?m?rt” ????l? ?r? usually m?r? ??n?itiv? t? ??und? th?t most individu?l? aren’t ?w?r? ?f.Th? int?llig?n?? inv?lv?d in thi? ?bilit? t? r???gniz? t?n?, rhythm, timbr?, ?nd pitch i? mu?i??l int?llig?n??.With thi? type of int?llig?n??, ????l? ?r? ?bl? t? detect, g?n?r?t?, reproduce, ?nd ??nt?m?l?t? music as ?l??rl? exhibited b? ?ttun?d li?t?n?r?, mu?i?i?n?, ??m????r?, v???li?t?, ?n d ??ndu?t?r?.L?gi??l-M?th?m?ti??l Int?llig?n??Wh? can f?rg?t th?t ?l???m?t? ?f ??ur? in high ??h??l wh? seemed t? kn?w the ?n?w?r t? ?v?r? mathematical ??u?ti?n ??ur t???h?r asked?Wh? ??n ?l?? f?il to remember th?t ???r ?f ??ur? wh? ??uld reason hi? w?? t? winning every ?rgum?nt? They ?r? th? perfect ?mb?dim?nt of l?gi??l-m?th?m?ti??l int?llig?n??.This t??? ?f intelligence ??ui?? a person with th? ability t? calculate and ??rr? ?ut m?th?m?ti??l operations as w?ll ?? mull over h???th???? and propositions.Th?? t?nd to ???il? r???gniz? r?l?ti?n?hi?? and patterns, d?m?n?tr?t? sequential r????ning ?kill?, ?nd g?n?r?t? ?nd u?? ?b?tr??t th?ught?.Exi?t?nti?l IntelligenceEv?n ?? ?th?r people g? ?b?ut th?ir daily liv?? without d?v?ting mu?h thought to their ?xi?t?n??, ????l? with ?xi?t?nti?l int?llig?n?? t?nd t? mull over “d???” thoughts.These th?ught? m?? in?lud? th? wh?’? ?nd how’s ?f lif? ?nd death.Whil? m??t ????l? ju?t ?h?k? these kind? of th?ught? away, individuals wh? ?r? ??rti ?ul?rl? k??n t? their own existence ?r? dr?wn t? exploring ?u?h ?u??ti?n? like wh? ?r? people b?rn, h?w d? th?? g?t h?r?, ?nd wh? do th?? di?.Th?? also h?v? th? ?????it? ?nd sensitivity t? t??kl? th?ught? ?b?ut wh?t lies b???nd life and death. Th??? with high ?xi?t?nti?l intelligence ?r? d???l? ?hil????hi??l.Int?r??r??n?l Int?llig?n??Y?u might have observed th?t there are ??rt?in ??r??n? wh? h?v? th? seemingly unique ?bilit? t? get ?l?ng superbly with ?th?r?.Th??? “????l? smart” individu?l?, with th? use ?f their interpersonal intelligence, int?r??t with ?th?r? in ?u?h a way that they ?r? ?bl? t? und?r?t?nd ?nd ??mmuni??t? w?ll. Int?r??r??n?l int?llig?n?? m?k?? it ????ibl? f?r a ??r??n to ?ff??tiv?l? ??mmuni??t? thr?ugh verbal ?nd n?nv?rb?l m??n?, t? di?tingui?h among others, t? ??n?? th? temperament ?nd m??d? of people, and to ??n?id?r various ??int? of vi?w.Y?u’ll usually find thi? t??? ?f int?llig?n?? manifested by politicians, ???i?l workers, actors, ?nd teachers.Bodily-Ki naesthetic Int?llig?n??Kn?w how ??u tend t? embarrass ??ur??lf with ??ur two left feet ?nd see ??ur b??t fri?nd ?r??ti??ll? fl??ting on th? dance fl??r? Well, there’s an ?x?l?n?ti?n for th?t “inju?ti??.”Whil? ?lum?? ????l? h?v? the t?nd?n?? t? b? awkward in ?ll things physical, “b?d? ?m?rt” ????l? ??????? the ?????it? to stay gr???ful ?nd ???rdin?t?d wh?n using a r?ng? of physical skills ?nd m?ni?ul?ting ?bj??t?.People with b?dil?-kin???th?ti? int?llig?n?? h?v? an almost ??rf??t ??n?? ?f timing, ?nd th?ir mind-b?d? ???rdin?ti?n is n??rl? f?ultl???.Lingui?ti? Int?llig?n??This i? the t??? ?f int?llig?n?? m??t ??mm?nl? ?h?r?d b? humans, lingui?ti? int?llig?n?? inv?lv?? th? hum?n ?????it? t? think in words and use th??? t? m?k? ?n???lf und?r?t??d.It is thi? t??? ?f int?llig?n?? th?t ?ll?w? a ??r??n t? ????int complex meanings ?nd express th??? thr?ugh th? u?? ?f language.Though this human ??m??t?n?? is widely u??d, it is m??t ?vid?nt in th? w?? effective public speakers, n?v?l i?t?, j?urn?li?t?, and ???t? m?k? u?? ?f th?ir m?t?-lingui?ti? ?kill?. In th? early stages ?f lif?, lingui?ti? int?llig?n?? i? exhibited in a ??r??n’? ?nj??m?nt of ?r???w?rd puzzles, ?t?r?t?lling, r??ding, ?nd writing.Intr?-P?r??n?l Int?llig?n??People who h?v? th? remarkable ?bilit? t? understand themselves, their th?ught?, and their ?m?ti?n? and are capable ?f u?ing thi? kn?wl?dg? t? ?l?n their lives possess intr?-??r??n?l intelligence.While intr?-??r??n?l int?llig?n?? d??? involve self-appreciation, it ?l?? comprises a wid?r und?r?t?nding of th? human condition.A? young adults, “self-smart” ????l? possess a d????r ?w?r?n??? ?f their ?wn emotions, ?r? ??lf-m?tiv?t?d, ?nd t?nd to b? shy.Ex?m?l?? ?f people with evident intra-personal int?llig?n?? include ?hil????h?r?, ??iritu?l l??d?r?, writers ?nd psychologists.Spatial IntelligenceThe last d?m?in i? ???ti?l int?llig?n??, whi?h is d?fin?d ?? th? human capacity t? ??n?id?r thing? in thr?? dimensions. Thi? type of intelligence in v?lv?? the f?ll?wing core capacities: a d?n?mi? imagination, im?g? manipulation, m?nt?l im?g?r?, ?rti?ti? ?nd gr??hi? ?kill?, ?nd ???ti?l r????ning.People with ???ti?l int?llig?n?? are highl? ?r??tiv?. S??ti?l int?llig?n?? is d?m?n?tr?t?d m?inl? by “picture ?m?rt” ????l? such ?? ?r?hit??t?, ??ul?t?r?, ??int?r?, pilots, and sailors.Th?r? ??u go, th? nin? domains ?f intelligence ????rding to H?w?rd Gardner. Keep in mind th?t this i? ju?t a m?d?l f?r int?llig?n?? ?nd th?r? ?r? many wh? ???r? high in m?r? th?n ?n? category. Th? m??t f?m?u? ?n? that would ??m? t? mind i? L??n?rd? De Vin?i. G? over th? li?t ?nd ?n?l??? which t??? ?f intelligence ??u would ??t?g?riz? ??ur??lf t? f?ll under. It could be more than one.

Gender Differences Between Associate And Baccalaureate...

While the nursing field continues to flourish in today’s job market,it is also experiencing a massive shortage. Despite this alarming fact, according to Buerhaus (2008): â€Å" Of the estimated 2.24 million RNs in the nursing workforce in 2006, 200,000 were men (8%)† (p. 2424). In order to alleviate the nursing shortage, nursing schools must allure men into the field by eliminating the feminization of the profession and appealing to a diverse demographic who choose to pursue a career in a female dominated field. Moreover, by eliminating the comparison of male and female students, omitting gender differences between associate and baccalaureate degree levels, and comparing nursing programs from various regions will bring about the necessary and crucial change the nursing field is in dire need for. However, by eliminating the comparison of male and female students; nursing schools are unable to distinguish the elite from the amateur slackers. Omitting gender differenc es between degree levels, will considerably affect the quality of care and patient safety and above all comparing nursing schools will only result in misleading information that gives students the run around . Eliminating the comparison of male and female students in the nursing field will greatly diminish the gender bias that has been affiliated with the female dominated field (nursing). By executing such an act will more than likely bring change to a struggling profession. Due to theShow MoreRelatedGender Differences Between Associate And Baccalaureate Degree Levels1637 Words   |  7 Pagescomparison of male and female students, omitting gender differences between associate and baccalaureate degree levels, and comparing nursing programs from various regions will bring about the necessary and crucial change the nursing field is in dire need for. However, by eliminating the comparison of male and female students; nursing schools are unable to distinguish the elite from the amateur slackers. Omitting gender differences between degree levels, will considerably affect the the quality of careRead MoreBlack Colleges And Universities ( Hbcus ) Essay1596 Words   |  7 Pagesto day, 30 offer doctoral programs and 51 provide graduate degree programs at the Master s level. At the undergraduate level, 82 of the HBCUs offer a bachelor s degree program and 31 of these schools offer associate degrees. Between 2013-2014, most of the 48,200 degrees conferred by HBCUs, 70 percent were bachelor s degrees, and 16 percent were master s degrees. (National Center for Educational Statistics). Though the percentage of degree earning HBCU graduates are stable, compared to past yearsRead MoreIs The Data Is On Education Level And Earning A College Degree? Essay2221 Words   |  9 Pagesdata is on education level and earning a college degree can make a difference in one s life. The highest level of degree you can receive is a doctoral and very few people well make it to the highest level of degree. 1.7 percent of people have a doctoral and 8.0 percent of people either have a high school diploma to nothing making high school be the highest level of education they will accompl ish in their life. This explains why so many people wish to earn a college degree-According to Cox, surveysRead MoreWomen As Leaders For Higher Education3782 Words   |  16 Pagesthe decades of stereotypes that had previously hindered them from attaining positions of power. Some individuals believe these characteristics are perceived as flaws in leadership; however, today they can have a positive effect on relationships between female leaders and the population they serve. This will serve as my hypothesis for this paper. For example, one female president of a higher education institution believes showing emotion allows students to feel more connected to her (Vaughan, 1989Read MoreCritical Challenges Facing African American Men3250 Words   |  13 PagesCritical Challenges Facing African American Men in Pursuit of the Doctoral Degree: What Institutions Must Do Introduction- [Build a case as to why this is a problem] Doug A severe underrepresentation of Black male doctoral students and earned doctorates exist in the United States (Harper, 2010). Lack of financial resources, poor academic preparation, absence of relationships with faculty, and low motivation contribute to the disparity of black males with conferred doctoral degrees (Proctor,Read MoreNurses And Licensed Practical Nurses2340 Words   |  10 Pagesother nursing problems that plague the field. Nursing salaries are far too low to inspire others to enter the field, especially when there are so many other roads open to young people. Pay for nursing can vary between many thousands of dollars, depending on the specialty of the nurse and level of experience, but it is not secret that those at the bedside often know how to care for patients than the physicians that are involved in the care. There has also been stagnancy in nursing education in recentRead MoreA Brief Note On Advertising Campaigns And How They Can Have An Effect On Consumer s Pu rchasing Habits2377 Words   |  10 PagesManagement. The main reason for my enrollment in this course comes from a keen interest in the business world since my first introduction to the subject at International GCSE (IGCSE) level. This interest has then been maintained at IB (International Baccalaureate) level and has finally reached its completion at university level over the last three years. As a result of being a keen sportsman and sports fan throughout my years of education I have become aware of the many different sportswear brands thatRead MoreNursing Essay41677 Words   |  167 PagesNational Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance. This study was supported by Contract No. 65815 between the National Academy of Sciences and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the organizationsRead MoreVegetable and Mountain States Potato7654 Words   |  31 Pagesobtained – 43 and 7.2, respectively. Questions: 1. What kind(s) of analysis can be run to determine if the new sales training program was effective? 2. What is the null hypothesis to be tested? 3. Using the appropriate statistical test for the 0.05 level of significance, calculate the appropriate test statistic. 4. Is the null hypothesis accepted or rejected? Why? 5. Specifically, what does this indicate to the sales manager? 6. How confident can the sales manager be in his statement of findingsRead MoreStaffing: Nursing and Health Care5068 Words   |  21 Pagesnursing s issue and requires a collaborative effort among nursing leaders in practice and education, health care executives, government, and the media According to the country-level policy perspective, a nurse staffing shortage is usually defined and measured in relation to that country’s own historical staffing levels, resources and estimates of demand for health services. WHO concluded that the shortage crisis has the potential will worsen in the future . It noted that demand for service providers

The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain - 2486 Words

Mark Twain, legendary American satirist, wrote many bestsellers highly acclaimed throughout the world. The literary establishment recognized him as one of the most influential writers in America since the publication of his masterpiece, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. At first glance, the novel appears quite innocently filled with wild escapades centered on two protagonists who embark on a journey together down the Mississippi River: Huckleberry Finn, an unruly young boy who breaks free from the confinement of his alcoholic father, and Jim, a black fugitive slave. Throughout their expedition, Huck and Jim encounter a variety of people and situations that were distinctively designed by the author to scoff at the society that existed during Twain s era. A closer examination of this novel reveals that a plethora of the comments are a great paradigm that Twain uses to mock different aspects of society and depict valid flaws of human nature in an effort to parallel the real world for readers. To grasp the author s cynicism in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, one must understand what satire is. Satire can be defined as a literary work in which a human voice or folly is attacked through irony, derision, or wit. Focusing on religion hypocrisy, racial inferiority, and romanticism, Mark Twain uses his enthusiastic style of writing and satirizes these three traits throughout the novel. Religious hypocrisy and its representation in Adventures of Huckleberry Finn constituteShow MoreRelatedThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain830 Words   |  3 PagesThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain is â€Å"A Great American Novel†, because of its complexity and richness. Twain writes dialogue that brings his characters to life. He creates characters with unique voice and helps the reader connect to the book. Anyone who reads it is forced to develop feelings for each character. Even though there is a great amount of controversy over the use of some choices, such as the â€Å"n word†, it makes the book more realistic. In the beginning of the novel Huck,Read MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain1103 Words   |  5 PagesDmitri Van Duine Jr English Mr. Nelson November 27th The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn: Huck Finn and Tom Sawyer The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Written by Mark Twain filled his stories with many examples of satire as to convey a message while also writing an interesting story. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn revolves around the adventures of a young boy called Huckleberry Finn, who is about thirteen years old. Tom Sawyer is Huck’s best friend and around the same age as Huck. He is onlyRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain Essay1055 Words   |  5 PagesZambrano Mrs. Patmor AP Lit-Period 5 28 September 2016 Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 1835 Mark Twain embodies realism in almost every aspect of his writing not excluding The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, which in he portrays such a lifelike setting that it almost gives you this sense of reality through the point of view of a young man that has an urge for freedom yet struggles to conform to society s norms due to his adolescence. Twain s ability to unmask the true identities of the charactersRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain931 Words   |  4 PagesWolski Mrs. Goska English 2H Period 3 22 October 2014 The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Mob mentality is the way an individual’s decisions become influenced by the often unprincipled actions of a crowd. Mark Twain penned The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Twain grew up in America’s southern states during the early 1800’s, a time in which moral confusion erupted within the minds of humans. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn s protagonist is a young boy named Huck who freely travels alongRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain1375 Words   |  6 Pagesmention the years spent growing and maturing physically. Teenagers are stuck in an inbetween state where they must learn who they want to become and what they want to be when they grow older. The same is true for Huckleberry Finn, from the book â€Å"The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn† by Mark Twain. This is a book that was written in a time of great confusion over moral codes and standards. It was a world split in half by two different worlds of people; those who opposed, a nd those who promoted slavery.Read MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain2083 Words   |  9 PagesSatire in Huckleberry Finn In the novel â€Å"The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn† by Mark Twain, we are told a story about a young boy and his slave companion’s journey down the Mississippi River and all of their encounters with other characters. Twain constructed a beautiful narrative on how young Huck Finn, the protagonist in the story, learns about the world and from other adult characters, how he is shaped into his own person. At the time this book was made however, this novel provided serious socialRead MoreMark Twain and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn1575 Words   |  6 Pages Mark Twain and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Controversy Mark Twain, born Samuel Langhorne Clemens, is a highly recognizable figure in American literature. Born in Florida, Missouri Mark Twain and his family moved to Hannibal, Missouri where Twain discovered and fell in love with the mighty Mississippi River. The river and his life in Hannibal became his inspiration and guiding light in most of his writing. Although Twain loved the river and did a great deal of traveling, he eventuallyRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain1005 Words   |  5 Pages In the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn written by Mark Twain in the 19th century is about a young boy named Huck Finn and Jim, a runaway slave who go on an adventure. The two travel on a raft along the Mississippi river creating a bond and making memories. Mark Twain presents Huckleberry Finn as a dynamic character who at first views Jim as property and eventually considers Jim as a friend, showing a change in maturity. In the beginning of the book, Huck Finn clearly sees Jim as nothing more thanRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain1335 Words   |  6 Pagesyear The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is placed in the top ten banned books in America. People find the novel to be oppressing and racially insensitive due to its frequent use of the n-word and the portrayal of blacks as a Sambo caricature. However, this goes against Mark Twain’s intent of bringing awareness to the racism in America. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain is classified under the genre of satire and is narrated by a fictional character named Huckleberry Finn. The novelRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain810 Words   |  4 PagesBefore Mark Twain started to write two of his most famous novels, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Mark was known to use his characters to display his own thoughts and opinions. â€Å"This device allowed him to s ay just about anything he wanted, provided he could convincingly claim he was simply reporting what others had said.† (Twain, 1283). Mark Twain used this process to be a foundation of his lectures, by manipulating his popularly with his readers. During the story

How important are volunteers to events Free Essays

Introduction The purpose of the following paper is to explain how important volunteering for events is; it is inevitable to say events will not succeed without the input of volunteers. The paper will discuss whether volunteering is a method of reducing costs for the event itself or in general for an organisation. There are numerous concerns in relation to volunteers and the implications in which may occur when participants are made to work long hours with no pay. We will write a custom essay sample on How important are volunteers to events or any similar topic only for you Order Now However this is done from their own free will so this is a complicated issue as volunteers have their own means of motivation. The paper will then focus on explaining the implications of volunteering for Organisers. A definition of a volunteer can be â€Å"someone who willingly gives unpaid help in the form of time, service, or skills, through a club organisation or an association† (Australian Burea of statistics, 2003, p.2). There are numerous reasons as to why volunteering is regarded as a fundamental aspect in an event, many of the sporting events such as the common wealth games , tennis tournaments, the world cup and etc use volunteers (Green and Chalip,1998). Volunteers make up a large amount of the workforce for an event; Stirgas and Jackson (2003) suggest that without the help of volunteers a sporting event will not succeed. Cnaan and Goldberg Glen (1991) share the same views and state that with the help of volunteers, managers are able to develop the magnitude and diversity of the services required without having to spend in terms of finance, this will be discussed further in the paper. When sporting events are held each year, Organisers have a growing concern about recruiting volunteers, this in itself goes to show how important volunteers are to the success of an event. It is considered that volunteers are seen as an integral part of an event, this is not just whilst the event is taking place but also before the event has taken place as without the aid of volunteers it is possible that the event would not take place at all It is apparent to advocate that the role of volunteers in events are important, volunteers aid to the planning of events and also to the organisational aspect of any event, furthermore they also benefit to the marketing and production element of an event (Hall, 1992). Such work carried out by volunteers of an event is imperative in relation to the financial shortfall in which many event organisations struggle to deal with. Yet on the other hand the resources which organisations have to offer appeal to volunteers which is regarded as a means of motivation for volunteers, other methods of motivations can be that, volunteering is seen as a leisure activity as it is associated with similar incentives which leisure activities also have, for example they are both fundamentally motivating, whilst also having constructive advantages such as; positive physical and mental feasibility, a sense of organization, gaining a feeling of purpose and also part taking in social participation (Shmotkin , Blumestein and Modan, 2003). Katz (1960) shares the same views and explains that volunteers are recruited in accordance with their psychological gain, he believes that volunteers have some sort of gain for working in events, it could be for experience, self fulfilment or any of the reasons previously mentioned. However it is not enough †¦/†¦.. There has been various debates in relation to whether having volunteers in an event is due to recruitment issues, yet the aspect which is so appealing to organisatiopns is that they are able to have a workforce without having to pay them, thus many mangers in organisations are incredibly reluctant to incorporate human resource concepts to their volunteers as they have such a minimal workforce they are so eager to get them to start work and hesitant to send them away if they are unable to meet human resource requirements, for example if they are not skilled enough to enable them to carry out the job in hand, this is why the organisations are not carrying out the right requirements before taking on volunteers (Hartenian, 2007). On the other hand volunteers can be classified as consumers and volunteers are regarded as a consumer who would like to take on a challenge in terms of marketing. Managers in this instance search for enabling the needs of consumers to be met, thereby doing all they can to receive the benefits which volunteering brings about, they do this through their product, i.e the event itself and label this as ‘ the volunteering experience’ (Riecken et al., 1994). Conversely Yavas (1997) argues that it is a necessity to view volunteers in this manner due to excessive pressures and rivalry caused in the voluntary sector, thus this has resulted in managerial organizations to endure survival techniques in the form of using marketing management tools on the application of consumer behaviour concepts. Therefore there becomes an implication in terms of volunteer attraction, drawn from a marketers view point and the perspective of consumer behaviour patterns (Wymer et al., 2002). Events such as mega sporting events generate a worldwide interest, however this also causes a problem in terms of opportunities and the fact that certain issues about volunteering in some instances can be disregarded. What is meant by this is the fact that when volunteers in an event take part in unpaid labour many organisastions initially think this is a advantage for them as this is a means of reducing costs, they do not consider the other benifits in terms of cultural interaction or postitive association with host communities, yet the first thing that springs to mind would be that they are reducing costs (Getz 1997). Getz (1997) also discusses other issues relating to volunteering such as; costs and viability, economic restoration etc. Ingerness (2001) also shares alike thoughts on this matter and explains that volunteers in general whether they are volunteers for a mega sporting event or for a local art events, are regarded as an important economic and cultural factor to the production and performance of an event. Green and Chalip (2004) add to this view and state that volunteers are cruial for an event and having volunteers working in an event, is in a way a method of reducing costs as their services and their labour which contributes towards the event is not paid for, whichever way you look at this matter it can be regarded as a means of reducing costs. The Sydney Olympic games (2000) explained that volunteer labour is vital for the running and financial operation of an event. The Sydney Olympic games needed over 40,000 volunteers for the event (SOCOG, 2000). They also sated that although this was a sporting event on a huge scale, smaller events also require large numbers of volunteers. Yet research indicates that without the aid of volunteers an event is more than likely to fail, yet there are various implications which are related to volunteers in events for organisers. Pearce (1993) stated that there are a number of problems with the performance of volunteers, e.g. organisers do not ensure that their volunteers work to a high standard. Howden (2003) also explains that 25% of volunteers fail to turn up for ther shifts, which then causes operational problems for the organisers. Yet on the other hand there have been many cases where the event organisers over recruit volunteers as they view organisers as a source of unpaid labour where they don not understand the factors which influences their reason for motivation, by doing this organisers would gain a better understanding as to why volunteers are willing to give up their time for the event. Another problem with organisers over recruiting is an increase number of volunteers results in an increase in costs for selection, placement, training, transport, meals, etc (Howden, 2003). Conclusion An additional implication in hiring volunteers for events is the issues it causes for the volunteers themselves, for example large events are usually staged over a short period of time, sometimes in a number of days, such events have deadlines which must be stuck to thus adding immense pressure on volunteers and making them work in a manner which is highly courteous and example of this is in The Sydney Olympic Games volunteers were made to carry out a minimum of 10 shifts which were each 8 hours long over 16 days (Sydney Olympics 2000). How to cite How important are volunteers to events, Essay examples

Moving again... free essay sample

There are nomadic tribes in Africa that move less than I do. I’ve lived consecutively in Texas, Georgia, Arizona, California, Texas, Connecticut, Virginia, Connecticut, New Hampshire and Connecticut. The last three moves, I was told, would be the last. But, soon enough, eight months to two years later, â€Å"Girls, we are moving.† If there is one phrase I choose never to hear again it would be, â€Å"We are moving†. I loved each place I have lived for different reasons. I felt at home in Texas. I lived about half an hour away from Disneyland in California. New Hampshire is so beautiful in the fall. Virginia is close to D.C. and, being a history buff, I loved all the free museums. Georgia is where my sister was born and where I met my first best friend. Arizona is where I learned to speak fluent Spanish, a skill which I promptly lost by age eight. We will write a custom essay sample on Moving again or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page But Connecticut, where I am currently living, is where I have made some of the best memories. I have made great friends, lost some not so great ones, gone through the drama of high school, met my favorite band and got my first job. I love it here. I haven’t had a classic suburban childhood. I don’t have a door with marks showing my growth over the years. My room isn’t painted some obnoxious shade of pink I chose when I was seven. I haven’t known my best friend my whole life. I sometimes see people with these things and think, â€Å"Wow. You are so lucky. I wish I had that.† But then I come to my senses. I may have spent my whole childhood moving around, making friends only to lose them a year later, but I have visited places that some people dream about. If I never lived in California, would I have been able to visit Disneyland almost every weekend during the summer? Probably not. If I hadn’t lived in Virginia, would I have been able to feed my love of history by visiting the museums in D.C. many times during the summer? No. Would I have been able to visit the Alamo if I hadn’t moved to Texas? No way! I have experienced many things that many seventeen year olds cannot say they have experienced. I often find myself dreaming of my future. I imagine what it is going to be like being married, having kids or being a teacher. Whenever I dream about the far away future, like kids or marriage, I often wonder if I want my kids to have the same experiences I did. The simple answer would be no. I want my kids to have stability and be able to call one place their hometown. But I want my kids to have the same cultural experiences I did. I want them to be able to say that they lived and experienced all different parts of America. I want them to be able to boast to their friends that they went to Disneyland most weekends during the summer when they were seven. I want them to be able to say they have friends in all different parts of the country. I want them to have all of the great experiences that I had. I think that anyone could benefit from moving to all different parts of the country. It is truly a wonderful learning experience.

Free Essays on Women On Welfare

The percentage of women on welfare is staggering, whereas there are far fewer men relying on the system. Although the level of discrimination against women on welfare has decreased somewhat, it is still a major concern in comparison to men. For many centuries women have had to rely on men for survival. In the early 1900’s,for example, women were married at a young age and were taught only how to clean house and take care of their husbands. Education was not part of a woman’s lifestyle. Today, however, little girls are now being taught to be independent educated women. This means that, we, as women do not have to rely on men to survive- or so that is what I believed until I found myself separated from my first husband. I was living a comfortable lifestyle with three children. It was not until I saw my ex-husband’s money go out the door with him that I realized how dependant on him I was. With no education (I dropped out at 15) and no job, I found myself relying on social assistance and then onto mother’s allowance. My ex-husband did not pay his child support and even if he had of paid it; welfare would take it away from me because it is considered extra income. Once comfortable and living easy without having to worry about where my next meal was coming from, I was now living in poverty. I will discuss this more in detail later. The differences between women and men on welfare are quite significant. My findings are alarming because of all the data that I have found shows that although women are more likely to be the single parent, they are more apt to rely on social assistance than the male single parent. As well, women, with or without children, are living in poverty far more often than males are. The poverty rate among women who are receiving social assistance is high at 55 percent, whereas women who are not receiving social assistance, the poverty rate for non-elderly women are 17 percent. For unattached wo... Free Essays on Women On Welfare Free Essays on Women On Welfare The percentage of women on welfare is staggering, whereas there are far fewer men relying on the system. Although the level of discrimination against women on welfare has decreased somewhat, it is still a major concern in comparison to men. For many centuries women have had to rely on men for survival. In the early 1900’s,for example, women were married at a young age and were taught only how to clean house and take care of their husbands. Education was not part of a woman’s lifestyle. Today, however, little girls are now being taught to be independent educated women. This means that, we, as women do not have to rely on men to survive- or so that is what I believed until I found myself separated from my first husband. I was living a comfortable lifestyle with three children. It was not until I saw my ex-husband’s money go out the door with him that I realized how dependant on him I was. With no education (I dropped out at 15) and no job, I found myself relying on social assistance and then onto mother’s allowance. My ex-husband did not pay his child support and even if he had of paid it; welfare would take it away from me because it is considered extra income. Once comfortable and living easy without having to worry about where my next meal was coming from, I was now living in poverty. I will discuss this more in detail later. The differences between women and men on welfare are quite significant. My findings are alarming because of all the data that I have found shows that although women are more likely to be the single parent, they are more apt to rely on social assistance than the male single parent. As well, women, with or without children, are living in poverty far more often than males are. The poverty rate among women who are receiving social assistance is high at 55 percent, whereas women who are not receiving social assistance, the poverty rate for non-elderly women are 17 percent. For unattached wo...

Your 2018 guide to asking for a promotionÂÂ

Your 2018 guide to asking for a promotion   New year†¦new job title? Many of us look upon a new year as a time for new opportunities, from setting and achieving new personal goals to exploring new passions and hobbies and reaching new professional milestones- including moving up the career ladder. Most of us have an ultimate professional goal that we one day wish to fully achieve, and many of us have plotted out a series of steps on our career ladder that will hopefully get us there. With the ushering in of a new year, we often hope that we’ll be able to take a bold step forward toward our goal- which means getting a promotion at work.Of course, in a perfect world, we’d never have to actually ask for a promotion- our bosses would simply recognize our undeniable talents and contributions over and over, resulting in a series of promotions. But for most of us, this is more of a pleasant dream than a tangible reality, and waiting for this to happen is like waiting for a sack of money to drop out of the sky and i nto your lap- not the most efficient use of your productive work years.The truth is, most of us who want a promotion are going to have to ask for one, which can be among the most stressful, anxiety-inducing, and nerve-wracking experiences we subject ourselves to. Asking for a promotion is no simple task, especially if you’re relatively new to your company or industry and may still be proving yourself. According to a recent article published by Forbes, â€Å"Asking for a promotion can be one of the most stressful experiences in your career- especially in today’s uncertain economy. Why?  Because you know you’re putting yourself at some level of risk†¦It should be no surprise that, in comparison to only a few decades ago, today’s average employee has larger workloads- and more (and better) competition to contend with. Add to this the highly evolved social and political networks one needs to master, and you have one tough road to travel†¦to move from employment offer to promotion without a single misstep is unlikely, and mistakes happen often enough.†Yes, the mere thought of asking for a promotion may send you into a panic and have you reconsidering the entire idea, but fear not! In the professional world fortune often favors the bold, and if you attack the â€Å"promotion situation† smartly and with a solid game plan, you can really increase your chances that things will go your way when you pop the big question!Use the following strategies to help you stack the deck in your favor, and to avoid the biggest mistakes most people make when gearing up to asking for a promotion.Read the signs.The first crucial step to determining if now is a good time to ask for a promotion or if you’re better off waiting is to â€Å"take the temperature† of the company. Was 2017 a good year, or were there lots of struggles and challenges? Did your company meet or exceed its annual goals, or did it fall short? Have th ere been a great deal of layoffs or employee turnover recently, or do things feel relatively stable. Or better yet, are signs of growth and new innovation in the air? It isn’t difficult to envision which of these scenarios are more conducive to asking for a promotion, so try to figure out if now is the right time for you to make the big ask.Also, be sure to take your own workplace temperature. Was 2017 a â€Å"hot† or â€Å"cold† year for you as an employee? Did you achieve or surpass your goals? Many of us have clearly defined performance metrics, which are often reviewed regularly with our bosses (often annually), so determining if 2017 was a good year for you shouldn’t be too difficult. If you had a banner year in 2017, then perhaps now is the perfect time to go after that promotion. If you struggled a bit over the year, perhaps it’s wiser to wait a few months and really work hard to establish yourself as a valuable employee before taking the pl unge.Build a good case.In many instances, asking for a promotion is like interviewing for a new job, and you’ll likely have to â€Å"make a case† for yourself- not just for why you deserve a promotion, but also, and perhaps more importantly, for how your company will benefit from promoting you. This is your opportunity to resell yourself to your company- this time in a new role with greater responsibility.So, approach the situation like you did when you first interviewed with the company. Convince them that you’re the perfect person for this new position and that your background, experience, and skill set are the perfect mix to handle the job effectively. You want them to think that promoting you will ultimately benefit the company’s bottom line.Choose your moment.Pop quiz: Do you think your chances for getting a promotion will be better when you ask your boss after a particularly tense and stressful morning or in the middle of a terrible workplace crisis , or when your boss is in a good mood, relaxed, and hopefully open to new ideas? Not the most difficult quiz, right? Well, you’d be surprised by how many unfortunate employees, who are so nervous and desperate to get the promotion question over with, just blindly jump in and ask their bosses for a promotion without determining if the timing is right. Not a good move. Don’t make this easily avoidable mistake.Mind the details.Perhaps just as important as the things you’ll say when asking for a promotion are the supporting details- the tone you use, the outfit you decide to wear when you ask, and your body language and facial expressions. You’ve already successfully interviewed with the company before, so you have a good idea of what works and what doesn’t. The key here is to take this opportunity seriously and to bring your â€Å"A game† when you do decide the time is right to ask for a promotion. Dress well, use a confident and positive tone, and make sure your body language reflects your best possible self.If it goes your way†¦If the stars align, things go your way, and fate looks favorably on you, then congratulations! Graciously and humbly accept your promotion and new role and be sure to use this as an opportunity to prove to your bosses that they made the right call- don’t forget, at some point in the future you might be facing the promotion question once again, and you want to make sure that you have a solid case for why it’s once again well deserved.If it doesn’t go your way†¦Putting yourself out there by asking for a promotion and meeting rejection can be incredibly difficult. If you don’t get the promotion you were looking for, you may leave the meeting with a wide range of conflicting emotions. The key here is to not do anything rash. Instead, listen carefully to the reasoning you were given for the decision. Was it based on something completely out of your control, or did it include things that you can work on? Were you given a timeline to make improvements and revisit the promotion question?Take the information you were given during the discussion, consider it carefully, and weigh your options for moving forward. The key here is to not consider this the final step on your career ladder- you’ll have many more professional opportunities in the future!Asking for a promotion can be a stressful experience- but it doesn’t have to be! Use the strategies provided here to ensure that when the time is right and you decide to ask for a promotion that you’re putting your best foot forward and setting yourself up for success.

Compare and contrast standard Expected Utility theory and Prospect Essay

Compare and contrast standard Expected Utility theory and Prospect theory - Essay Example Standard expected utility theory represents preference over risky objects, by weighted average of utility assigned to each possible outcome, where the weights are the probability of each outcome (Expected Utility Theory, 2008). This theory analyses all the risk factors before taking decisions. For example, investments in share markets may yield a good return or a big loss. But investments in term deposits may guarantee a fixed return. Thus many of the investors opt for the investments in term deposits in order to avoid risks in investing in share markets. Prospect theory on the other hand analyses decisions among alternatives which involve risks. â€Å"Under prospect theory, value is assigned to gains and losses rather than to final assets; also probabilities are replaced by decision weights† (Prospect Theory, n. d). For example, investments in share market and mutual funds involve risks. But compared to share market investment, mutual fund investment are safer. Prospect theor y thus helps people to take proper decisions among the risky alternatives available. This paper compares and contrast Standard expected utility theory and prospect theory. Sebora (1995) has mentioned that expected utility theory suggests that choices should be made by weighing the outcomes (gains or losses) of actions by their probabilities and the alternative which has the maximum utility should be selected. Prospect theory, on the other hand, indicates that, decision makers prefer to simplify their choices cognitively whenever possible, satisfying rather than maximizing (Sebora, 1995, p.4). Gain or losses is given more emphasise in expected utility theory. Big gains expected with high risks will be given least preferences compared to small gains with least risks according to the expected utility theory. For example, consider a person with the choices of getting an excellent salaried job with high risk and a moderately salaried job with low

Evaluating a Website for Credibility Guidelines with Scoring Rubric Assignment

Evaluating a Website for Credibility Guidelines with Scoring Rubric - Assignment Example The website is quite simple to access because it only requires individuals to type the name of the government website in order to access (GOV.UK, 2014). In order to gain full entry right to access the website, the websites only require that an individual only type gov.UK as the search engine when accessing the website. The website being owned by the government, it provides reliable information of health that the citizens can apply in the daily activities whenever they develop symptoms that persist for quite some time. In this regard, the website endow with information to its citizens regarding the public health, social care, National Health Service, and public and emergency. The government web address is provided as: https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/department-of-health. In the same context, the link provides an easy path when an individual’s access the website. This website is under the UK government, and this plays the role of ensuring that information regarding health matters is well-handled (GOV.UK, 2014). In addition, the website offers information relating to the public health; giving tips on staying healthy and shielding them against threats to their health. In the same context, the website offers information regarding social care; a few individuals require extra care and support which the government provides the tips on how to handle such issues. It is made quite easy to get the information of national service; this is because it is the command requirement to deliver to the people better results. The government owes the citizens the duty to offer quality public safety and emergency, funding and support for the local emergency service such as the police, fire, and ambulance service information is offered in the government website (GOV.UK, 2014). Content on the internet is unfettered, and anyone is allowed to

Outline for Primate Evolution :: science

Outline for Primate Evolution I. Types of Primates A. New World monkey 1. Examples: Spider Monkeys, Golden Lion Tamarins, and Squirrel Monkeys. 2. Diet usually consists of fruit, insects, and other small animals 3. Very Diverse in size and ecology 4. Use’s tail as a fifth limb to help climb 5. First modern anthropoids to evolve 6. Successfully crossed the Atlantic Ocean 1. Either by rafting on floating Islands or by crossing bridges when sea level was low B. Old World Monkeys 1. Examples: Mandrills, Proboscis Monkeys, Grey Langurs and Baboons 2. Natives of Africa and Asia 3. They mostly live in Trees 4. They are mostly commonly known as cold weather monkeys. C. Apes 1. There are 5 genera of apes: Gorillas, Chimpanzees, Gibbons, Orangutans, and Siamangs. 2. They are most commonly recognized as Primates without tails. 3. They also have very large brains. 4. Their diet consists of vegetables and other plant life. 1. Chimps occasionally have been observed killing other animals for food. 5. Apes are subject to the same disease as humans. 6. They can also use tools and sign language. D. Prosimians 1. Examples: Lemurs and Mouse Lemurs 2. Small tree dwelling primates 3. They are the size of a mouse to a large house cat. 4. Due to lack of facial Muscles they cannot make facial changes that other primates use to communicate. II. Human Ancestry A. Bipedal 1. Since apes were pushed out of the trees by lack of food, they eventually had to adapt to walking around on two legs. 2. Since their arms were free from walking on two legs, they could now use them to use tools. B. Hominids 1. A humanlike, bipedal Primate. 2. Possessed both ape and human characteristics. 3. Raymond Dart discovered a fossil skull that had an apelike braincase and face, but was unlike any primate he had ever seen. C. Australopithecine 1. Early Hominid that lived in Africa. 2. Most information gathered about the Australopithecine; was first discovered by Donald Johnson. 1. â€Å"Lucy† Skeleton a. First ever Australopithecine skeleton b. â€Å"Lucy† was classified as Australopithecus afarenis. c. Named after a song by the British pop group The Beetles. D. Australopithecus afarenis 1. Earliest known hominid species. 2. Fossils of its pelvis, legs, and feet indicate that it was bipedal, like humans. 3. Its Braincase suggested an apelike brain. 1. Along with it’s shoulders and forelimbs.

Nutrition Essay Essay

I certify that this assessment is the result of my own work and quotations and sources of information have been duly acknowledged in the text. This work has not been submitted for any previous award. In this assignment the author will be comparing the components of a balanced diet for babies, children and young people, this will cover what is important when looking at sources and components of food groups and what children need in order to achieve optimum health. Another aspect of this nutrition assignment will be to discuss the short and long term health benefits of optimum nutrition and to explore the factors affecting nutrition in children and young people. Finally the author will be demonstrating consequences of inadequate nutrition and poor health that some children experience. Stated by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) (2008) when a women is conceiving a child there are things that should be avoided, things that should be changed and some things that should be taking into consideration and if carried out correctly it will benefit the mother and her unborn child. NICE (2008) propose that there are five main things to consider whilst you are pregnant, they include a ‘healthy start, training, vitamin D, breastfeeding and folic acid, all of which are very important when a mother is planning for the birth of her child. Healthy start (n.d) indicate that they are a programme designed by the government to ensure  mothers on a low income will receive the best possible resources for her and her children, healthy start provide vouchers which can be used for cow’s milk, infant formula, fruit and vegetables and also vitamins. Training may include attending antenatal clinics and attending appointments with a midwife so that things can be planned in advance and so that the mother can speak to a professional about any concerns. (NICE 2008). Mothers should be educated on the importance of vitamin D, the consequences of vitamin D deficiency and how it will benefit her and her unborn child, according to NICE (2008) vitamin D supplements can be provided by healthy start coupons. NICE also consider that maternal women should be educated on the benefits of breastfeeding and recommend that women should attend breastfeeding support groups to ensure they know everything they need to about the nutritional substance they can give their child. The final key priority which is folic acid should be taken whilst pregnant as it will minimise the chances of birth defects such as spina bifida (The National Health Service 2012). When focusing on babies we need to think about what is important from the day they are born, and due to the fact that babies receive all their nutrition from one source either breast milk or formula milk it is ‘imperative that the right kinds of nutrients at the right levels are present in that source’ (Infant Feeding and Nutrition N.D). Breast milk is the preferred feeding method for babies according to Bonnie and Rodwell (2000), although they consider that if breast milk is not available cow’s milk- based formula should be given to the baby for the first twelve months of life. The American Academy of Paediatrics (2012, cited in American Pregnancy Association, 2014) strongly recommend breastfeeding for the first six months and that it is continued for at least twelve months. When focusing on the components of breast milk and the nutrients it provides for the baby the American Pregnancy Association (2014) claims that breast milk contains proteins essential for easy digestion and which are great for infection protection. From tables and evidence found about the Recommended Dietary Allowances for Infants and Children the author can see that at 0-5 months a baby will need the most protein at this age than any other age. More specific proteins that are found in breast milk are Lactoferrin’s which restrain the growth of iron- dependant bacteria, breast milk also contains Lysozymes which protect against E.coli and salmonella (APA 2014). Larger components of breast milk according to APA (2014) are fats essential for ‘brain development, absorption of fat- soluble vitamins and is the primary calorie source for a baby. Breast milk also satisfies the baby’s requirements of a range of vitamins and carbohydrates which help battle diseases and enhance the growth of healthy bacteria in the stomach (APA 2014). For parents choosing not to breastfeed or for those who cannot breastfeed the best alternative supplement is commercially prepared, iron-fortified infant formula and just like breast milk, ‘formula provides the correct nutrients at appropriate levels necessary for a baby to sustain a rapid rate of growth and development, and will not stress the infant’s delicate and develop ing organ systems’ (Infant Feeding and Nutrition N.D). Also evident from the tables and evidence found is that children’s recommended fluid intake reduces as when infants grow they start to eat more solid foods rather than just breast milk or formula. Around six months of age the Baby Centre (2014) propose that an infant can be introduced to different foods such as pureed sweet potatoes, squash, apples and bananas and although they cannot have much of these food just yet it will prepare the baby for when they will be eating much more solid food around the age of 8- 10 months (Baby Centre 2014). As children age their diet will have also changed over the years, it will have gone from being very high in fat to much lower in fat and higher in fibre and should be focused on natural, fresh sources of energy and nutrients (Tidy 2013). Children around the age of 4- 6 will need foods high in energy and foods containing high vitamins and minerals due to them being very active at this age (Tidy 2013). Children at this age also need small frequent meals as their stomachs are not able to cope with large meals at a time suggested by Tidy (2013), he also indicates that foods high in sugar such as fizzy drinks should be avoided due to the damage on their teeth, it can cause diarrhoea and can leave children feeling full meaning they may reject their dinner leading to an unbalanced diet. At 6- 10 years children are still growing rapidly and their body will becoming even more mature and changing, dietary needs may not vary much from the previous age range although more low fat dairy products should be consumed rather than full fat which are needed during infancy according to the NHS (2013), children at the lower end of this age range are recommended to consume between 1520kcal to 1649kcal and children at the higher end of this age range are recommended to consume between 1963kcal to 2032kcal, these figures also according to the NHS (2013) depend on gender and how much physical activity children are carrying out on a daily basis. Young children around 10-12 will start to learn more academic skills whilst at school and because of this it is essential for children to receive a balanced diet in order to function at optimum level and to be able to concentrate well (Build Healthy Kids 2011). Build Healthy Kids (2011) also take the view that five fruit and vegetables a day is essential in this age range in order to gain the recommended amount of vitamins and minerals. Children are also still growing physically and mentally at this age and therefore it is important that children are receiving their intake of calcium which will help growth and development of bones and also help children’s teeth to stay healthy, if a child’s intake of calcium ‘before the age of twenty was inadequate, they run the risk of forming softer and more brittle bones which puts them at risk for fractures and osteoporosis later in life, especially for girls’ (Build Healthy Kids 2011). From the research and evidence fo und from Build Healthy Kids (2011) the author found that from birth to twelve months no dairy products are recommended, from 1-2 years whole milk at 2 servings a day is recommended which is then increased at 9- 18 years to 4 servings a day of low or non- fat dairy products. For children and young people it is paramount that they are eating the correctly to ensure they are growing and developing at the correct rate and so they can establish a good eating pattern for later life (Cenovis 2012). There are many guides and recommendations for what children should be eating however the eatwell plate is a very good example and is something that children can learn from, the eatwell plate highlights the foods and amounts that will ensure we are eating a balanced diet (NHS 2013). This section of the assignment will look at the short and long term benefits of optimum health for children and young people. The World Health Organisation (WHO) (2000) propose that the first 2-3 years of a child’s life is very important when it comes to physical and mental development and therefore gaining optimum nutrition in childhood will have many short and long term benefits. As covered above babies will gain essential proteins, fats and the majority of their calorie intake from either breast milk or formula, therefore a baby will also gain a short term health benefit of having a lower risk of sudden infant death syndrome according to Newson (2013), they state that this factor is less common in babies gaining the essential nutrients from breast milk and although this is not fully explained it is believed that due to the anti- bodies breast milk provides babies are more protected again the fatal syndrome. Another short term health benefit of breast fed babies observed by Newson (2013) are that babies are less likely to become constipated and will gain help with the passage of a baby’s first stools which can be very painful, they are called ‘meconium and are sticky, black and like tar’. Long term benefits proposed by Newson (2013) are that health problems in later life are less common in those who had been breastfed rather than those who had not, health problems such as obesity, high blood pressure and eczema have been proven to be less likely in those who received the nutrients from their mother. An emotional bond may also be seen as a long term health benefit which can be gained from breastfeeding, a mother and baby attachment in early infancy could lead to more well-rounded individuals in the future and evidence suggests that breastfed people are less likely to develop mental health issues such as anxiety or depression (Mitchell- Askar 2011). The NHS (2013) indicate that when children are able to move on from breast milk they will start to receive their essential nutrients from other food sources a little at a time, the process of weaning begins when children are around 6 months old. The NHS (2013) recommend that breastfeeding alongside solid food will continue to protect a baby against infection and will still  provide babies with the essential antibodies. When moving from small finger food and pureed food, according to Nutritionist Resources (n.d) children around 2 years can start to eat meals which will provide them with their essential daily needs. The Nutritionist Resources (n.d) also give recommendations on the five main food groups which need to be incorporated within a child’s diet and the health benefits which can be gained from consuming the correct kinds of food at the correct levels. Research into healthy eating show that children who have had a good start with nutrition will lead a good pathway in later life when it comes to staying on the right path and choosing foods that will be more beneficial for them (Nutritionist Resources n.d). A good start with eating correctly and regular activity could benefit children to develop strong bones, maintain a healthy weight and also concentrate well whilst in school and on a long- term basis healthy eating could help lower the risk of certain health implications such as stroke, joint problems and being overweight or obese (Nutritionist Resources n.d). Although healthy eating comes with many benefits there are also factors that can affect the maintenance of adequate nutrition for children and young people and if children develop unhealthy lifestyles from a young age they run the risk of health problems in adulthood (Warner 2011). Birch (1998) takes the view that almost all food preferences are learned through early experiences of eating and that children will become familiar with foods they like such as sweet tastes and reject sour and bitter foods. From experience children may have tried a food they disliked or had a bad experience and will then psychologically dislike the food in later life, it may also be the case that if a child has be forced to eat certain foods such as fruit and vegetables they will refuse to eat them when they have the power to choose what they eat, this could then lead to serious deficiencies if they are not receiving the vital vitamins and minerals their body needs to function (Birch 1998). Birch also stated that children’s preferences are formed by the quality of experiences children have with food and as a result ‘the physiological consequences of ingestion, children come to accept some foods and reject others, shaping their dietary intake’. As well as psychological factors affecting the maintenance of adequate nutrition for children and young people, there are also the socioeconomic factors which may hinder a child’s nutrition and impact a child’s nutritional status (Ricketts n.d). Socioeconomic factors such as income, environment and education may have an impact on how some children eat, for example if a child was living in poverty they may not have access to fresh nutritional food and therefore they may only have access to more fatty foods such as ready meals which may be more affordable for a family on a low income (Ricketts n.d). Ricketts also considers that environmental factors could be the physical proximity to healthy foods and supermarkets, as those who have access to supermarkets have a higher consumption of fruit and vegetables and those who don’t have a lower intake of these foods. The government recommend that children should eat five fruit and vegetables daily as part of a balanced diet and to ensure we a protected against illnesses, one portion being the palm of the child’s hand (NHS 2013), however new research carried out has suggested five a day is not enough and we should be receiving at least 7 portions a day which will be additionally beneficial (Stephens 2014). If this evidence shows 5 portions a day is not enough the children who cannot access even 1 portion a day may have serious health problems and suffer from things such as vitamin and mineral deficiency, digestive issues, cardiovascular problems and weight problems (Annigan n.d). One of the final factors that can effect child nutrition is political factors, the NHS spend around 16 million pounds a year on people who are too obese to leave there home (Gayle 2012). According to the Department of Health (DH) (2008) the government have also spent 372 million pounds over three years on creating healthy schools, workplaces and towns. However the government are still allowing fast food industries to open and to advertise around the country, ‘The government spends  £14m a year on the social marketing programme Change4Life. The food industry spends more than 1 billion pound a year on marketing in the UK’ (Izzo 2014). Sifferlin 2013 stated that when research was conducted on food markets and their advertisements 99% of them were aired nationally on children’s TV channels such as Cartoon Network. They also caught children’s attention with a free toy giveaway to promote their product (Sifferlin 2013). There are no law’s  on how old a child needs to be to buy any fast food such as McDonalds or Burger King and therefore if children have easy access to these food chains and restaurants they will continue to consume the foods that will have detrimental effects on their health (Izzo 2014). Gianni (2013) strongly believe that fast food is causing many short and long term health problems for children including obesity, diabetes, and high blood pressure, all of which are serious and are having a huge impact on the NHS. Being able to maintain adequate nutrition in children will be very difficult if parents and the government are allowing young children to purchase foods that will increase their chances of developing obesity, children may also think that it is normal to do so in later life if they have children and therefore a circle that is hard to break will form (Izzo 2014). For the final part of this assignment the author will discuss the common signs and symptoms a child may experience due to a poor diet or malnourishment. The NHS (2013) define malnourishment as a ‘serious condition in which a person’s diet does not contain the correct amount of nutrients’. There are two types of malnourishment, they include under nutrition when a person is not receiving enough nutrients and is underweight and over nutrition when a person is receiving too many nutrients and is therefore overweight (NHS 2013). The NHS (2013) claim that children who are malnourished may not be able to grow at the expected rate including both height and weight. At the age of 4 children are at a very important age range, they are growing at a rapid pace, they are starting to learn more academically as they will start at school and they will also create habits and traits which they will take into adulthood (Rochman 2011). Johnston (2009) observes that if a child was to have poor nutrition at the age of 4 they have a much higher risk of developing physical, intellectual, emotional and social problems, physical problems could include obesity, delayed growth and also developing motor skills at a slower rate. Intellectually, Johnston (2009) suggests that if children are consuming the incorrect amount of nutrients it will have harmful effects on the brain and children can lead poor intellectual development and hinder learning whilst at school. Gallahue and Ozmun (2006 cited in Johnston 2009) implies that if children experience inadequate nutrition or malnutrition during the first four years of their  life they will never recover the growth miles tones for their age range and they will never catch up in mental and physical development. Over all a balanced diet needs to start when a women becomes pregnant, and continue throughout childhood and adulthood to avoid the consequences that come with a poor diet. And although some bad habits maybe present in a child’s diet, as long as children are led the right way and educated on the nutrition they need they will significantly reduce the chances of many diseases and illnesses (British Heart Foundation 2014). Children on the correct eating path will benefit from optimum health and may also avoid the factors effecting healthy eating such as psychological or political problems. Finally the importance of educating children and ensuring they understand how to eat correctly may minimize the chances of them experiencing the sever symptoms of malnourishment or poor nutrition. References AMERICAN PREGNANCY ASSOCIATION, 2014. What is Breast Milk [Online]. Available from: http://americanpregnancy.org/first-year-of-life/whats-in-breastmilk/ [Accessed 10 November 2014]. ANNIGAN, J., N.D. consequences of not eating fruit and vegetables [Online]. Available from: http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/consequences-not-eating-fruits-vegetables-6202.html [Accessed 13 December 2014]. BABY CENTRE EXPERT ADVISE, 2014. Age-by-age guide to feeding your baby [Online]. Available from: http://www.babycenter.com/0_age-by-age-guide-to-feeding-your-baby_1400680.bc?page=2#articlesection3 [Accessed 11 November 2014]. BIRCH, L. L., 1998. Psychological Influences on Childhood the Diet [Online]. Available from: http://jn.nutrition.org/content/128/2/407S.long [Accessed 13 December 2014]. BUILD HEALTHY KIDS, 2011. Daily Nutrition Guide [Online]. Available from: http://www.buildhealthykids.com/dailynutrition.html [Accessed 11 November 2014]. CENOVIS, 2012. The Importance of a balanced diet for Children [Online]. Available from: http://cenovis.com.au/the-importance-of-a-balanced-diet-for-children/ [Accessed 13 December 2014]. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, 2008. Help Stop Childhood Obesity Before it Starts [Online]. Available from: www.nhs.uk/Change4Life/supporter†¦/Help_stop_childhood_obesity [Accessed 13 December 2014]. GAYLE, D., 2012. Britain’s obesity crisis: NHS spending  £16m a year on 200 who are too fat to leave home. Mail Online [Online]. 30 May. Available from: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-2151962/Britains-obesity-crisis-NHS-spending-16m-year-200-fat-leave-home.html [Accessed 13 December 2014]. GIANNI, K., 2013. How Junk Food is Hurting Our Kids [Online]. Available from: http://renegadehealth.com/blog/2013/02/06/how-junk-food-is-hurting-our-kids-and-18-ways-to-wean-yours-off-it [Accessed 13 December 2014]. HEALTHY START NHS, N.D. Healthy Start helps you give your family the very best start in life [Online]. Available from: http://www.healthystart.nhs.uk/healthy-start-vouchers/ [Accessed 2 December 2014]. INFANT FEEDING SND NUTRITION, N.D. Nutritional Requirements [Online]. Available from: http://www.infantformula.org/for-parents/infant-feeding-nutrition [Accessed 10 November 2014]. IZZO, H., 2014. Why Won’t he Government Stop Fast Food Companies Poisoning Our Children? [Online]. Available from: http://sabotagetimes.com/life/why-wont-the-government-stop-fast-food-companies-poisoning-our-children/ [Accessed 13 December 2014]. JOHNSTON, J. and VILLIAMS, L. M., 2009. Early Childhood Studies. Spain: Pearson. MITCHELL- ASKAR, K., 2011. The link between breastfeeding and mental health. [Online]. Available from: http://theattachedfamily.com/?p=2774 [Accessed 28 November 2014]. NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE CHOICES: YOUR HEALTH, YOUR CHOICES, 5 a day portion sizes [Online]. Available from: http://www.nhs.uk/Livewell/5ADAY/Pages/Portionsizes.aspx [Accessed 13 December 2014]. NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE CHOICES: YOUR HEALTH, YOUR CHOICES, 2013. How many calories does a child of 7- 10 need? [Online]. Available from: http://www.nhs.uk/chq/Pages/how-many-calories-do-children-need.aspx?CategoryID=51 [Accessed 28 November 2014]. NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE CHOICES: YOUR HEALTH, YOUR CHOICES, 2013. Malnutrition [Online]. Available from: http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Malnutrition/Pages/Symptoms.aspx [Accessed 15 December 2014]. NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR HEALTH AND CARE EXCELLENCE (NICE), 2008. Maternal and child nutrition [Online]. Available from: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ph11/chapter/introduction [Accessed 2 December 2014]. NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE CHOICES: YOUR HEALTH, YOUR CHOICES, 2013. The Eatwell Plate [Online]. Available from: http://www.nhs.uk/LiveWell/goodfood/Pages/eatwell-plate.aspx [Accessed 13 December 2014]. NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE CHOICES: YOUR HEALTH, YOUR CHOICES, 2012. Vitamins and Nutrition When Pregnant [Online]. Available from: http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/pregnancy-and-baby/pages/vitamins-minerals-supplements-pregnant.aspx#close [Accessed 2 December 2014]. NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE CHOICES: YOUR HEALTH, YOUR CHOICES, 2013. When should I start giving my baby solids (weaning)? [Online]. Available from: http://www.nhs.uk/chq/pages/812.aspx?categoryid=62 [Accessed 2 December 2014]. NEWSON, L., 2013. Breastfeeding [Online]. Available from: http://www.patient.co.uk/health/breast-feeding [Accessed 28 November 2014]. NUTRITIONALIST RESOURCES, N.D. Healthy Eating for Kids [Online]. Available from: http://www.nutritionist-resource.org.uk/content/healthy-eating-for-kids.html#healthymealsforkids [Accessed 2 December 2014]. RICKETTS, D., N.D. Socioeconomic Factors of Childhood Nutrition [Online]. Available from: http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/socioeconomic-factors-childhood-nutrition-9453.html [Accessed 13 December 2014]. ROCHMAN, B., 2011. Our Fattening Habits May Be Set in Childhood [Online]. Available from: http://healthland.time.com/2011/12/15/how-to-prevent-obesity-start-in-childhood/ [Accessed 15 December 2014]. SIFFERLIN, A., 2013. Forget the Food: Fast Food Ads Aimed at Kids Feature Lots of Giveaways. Time [Online]. 29 August. Available from: http://healthland.time.com/2013/08/29/forget-the-food-fast-food-ads-aimed-at-kids-feature-lots-of-giveaways/ [Accessed 13 December 2014]. STEPHENS, P., 2014. How Much Fruit and Vegetables Should we Eat? [Online]. Available from: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-26818386 [Accessed 13 December 2014].